Earthworks

The preserved portions of the Newark Earthworks include the Great Circle, the Octagon, and sections of the Wright Square.

The Great Circle and the Wright Square's grounds are free and open year round from dawn to dusk.

The Great Circle's museum is typically open from 10 a.m. to 4 p.m. on Thursday, Friday, and Saturdays, visit the Ohio History Connection [external link] for holiday hours and more information. 

Enjoy the earthworks but please do not climb on the walls. We would like to keep these walls standing tall for 2,000 years after you visit them. Foot traffic will cause damage over time.

Dogs are welcome on all the sites. Please keep your furry companions leashed and take advantage of our waste bags and remove messes that they may create on the grounds.

The use of drones is prohibited at all Ohio History Connection sites. To inquire about commercial filming permits, contact Neil Thompson, manager of media and public relations, at nthompson@ohiohistory.org .

The Octagon State Memorial is fully open to the public from sunrise to sunset on Octagon Open Houses. The grounds and guided tours on those days are free and open to the public. Please note that the interior of the Octagon Earthwork is currently not publicly accessible. We ask that you stay in the public areas, including the viewing platform and the paved pathway, on the exterior of the earthwork.

PLEASE NOTE: Buses of any type and large RVs are not permitted in the parking lot at the Octagon. Please have drivers drop off and pick up tour groups at the gateway to the parking lot and park the vehicle elsewhere.

The Great Circle

The location of the Newark Earthworks Museum. The site consists of a circular earthwork formed by a tall continuous earthen wall that encompasses 30 acres of land. The wall is lined by a deep ditch on the inside of the earthwork. The Museum is located at the top of a slight rise with a paved pathway leading to it. There is no paved pathway into the interior of the Great Circle.

The Museum located at the Great Circle includes a bookstore and interpretive center. 

The restrooms near the shelter houses at the Great Circle are open 8 a.m. to 5 p.m.

Address: 455 Hebron Road, Heath, OH 43056

The Wright Square

A small portion of a square earthwork enclosure positioned northeast of the Great Circle. This site provides a perspective of how development has impacted earthworks not only in Newark but all over the state of Ohio.

Address: James Street, Newark, OH 43055

The Octagon

Two combined earthwork enclosures positioned above the floodplain of Raccoon Creek. This earthwork includes a 20-acre circle and a 50-acre octagon, connected by a small passageway. This space currently functions as a private country club. Please note that public access is limited. The public always has access to the viewing platform and the paved pathway, on the exterior of the earthwork.

Address: 125 N 33rd Street, Newark, OH 43055

The site is fully open to the public, dawn to dusk, on five days in 2024: 

• Sunday, April 14th
• Monday, April 15th
• Monday, July 22nd
• Sunday, October 20th
• Monday, October 21st

Guided Tours

A FREE guided tour of the Great Circle is offered the first Friday of the month, April - December, at 12:30 p.m. Please meet at the map in front of the museum.

Regular guided tours of the Great Circle are offered from March through November at 10:30 am and 2:00 pm on Thursdays, Fridays, and Saturdays.

Tours will include a 45 min walk through the Great Circle and then a 20 min talk at the Octagon Earthwork. The price for a guided tour will be $10 per person aged 12 and up and $5 dollars for children aged 5 to 12, children under 5 years of age are free. Tour admission is free for all Ohio History Connection Members.

There is no registration or sign-up required for regularly scheduled tours.

Visitors that are planning on attending the tours are asked to stop at the front desk of the Great Circle Museum to purchase tickets prior to tour departure. All tours will begin on the front patio of the museum.

Tours are led rain or shine. Please check the weather and dress accordingly. There are no paved walkways into the earthwork.

To schedule a group tour outside of regularly scheduled hours please contact the Ohio History Connection's site manager via email (shinkelman@ohiohistory.org) or call the office at 740-344-0498.

Information for self-guided tours can be found on the Ancient Ohio Trail's Newark Earthworks page,

which you can also print out.

Field Trips

To schedule a field trip, reach out to the Ohio History Connection's site manager at least 4 weeks prior to the date you would like to visit. We ask that you try to plan at least 3 hours for field trips.

The experience will include a guided tour and three activities in which students will engage with earthwork planning and construction and the history and culture of the Middle Woodland Period in Ohio. All activities are tailored to align with 4th grade Ohio Social Studies standards. However, tours and activities can be adapted to accommodate most grade levels between elementary and high school.

The admission fee (including guided activities) will be $5 per student in attendance. Admission is free for teachers and chaperones. Picnic facilities available for sack lunches and snacks.

The "Hopewell Culture" is the name archaeologists have given to the people who built the Newark Earthworks. It is an archaeological culture defined on the basis of certain kinds of artifacts, architecture, and cultural practices that occurred in southern and central Ohio (and other regions of eastern North America) from about 100 B.C. to A.D. 400. The term is not the name of any American Indian tribe. We have no idea what the ancient peoples who built the great earthworks might have called themselves, but their descendants undoubtedly include many of the historic tribes who lived in the Eastern Woodlands. The people of the Hopewell culture were farmers, fishers, hunters, and gatherers of wild plant foods. They lived in small villages scattered along the major tributaries of the Ohio River – especially the Great and Little Miami, the Scioto and Muskingum rivers. They are known especially for their monumental earthworks and for their spectacular art objects crafted from materials such as copper, mica, and obsidian obtained from the ends of their world.

"Of course, it’s not a people, tribe, or culture. Much of that information was lost as a result of the great die off of American Indians, after arrival of Europeans, from disease. I think of it more as an era or age. Like the Bronze, Iron, and Industrial ages. I think of the ancestors who created these wonders as living in the Hopewell era or age." -Director Dr. John Low, Newark Earthworks Center.

For a detailed discussion of this topic, please see Ohio's Earthworks Timeline, on the Ancient Ohio Trail [external links].

The United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization, UNESCO, seeks to encourage the identification, protection, and preservation of cultural and natural heritage around the world considered to be of outstanding value to humanity, such as Stonehenge in England.  For more information go to the National Park Service's World Heritage [external link], 
UNESCO World Heritage [external link], or World Heritage Ohio [external link].

The attainment of World Heritage will allow a wider audience to experience some of the Hopewell Culture's unique & touching history. For more information on the U.S. World Heritage Tentative List go to the National Park Service's Quick Guide to the World Heritage Program in the United States [external link]. In the process of uniting these sites globally, the NEC is collaboratively working with UNESCO and the U. S. Department of Interior. 

No voice is too small, as individuals we can all contribute by contacting advocates to voice your opinion or make a donation towards the effort directly with UNESCO. We would love to receive letters of support; feel free to email us at: earthworks@osu.edu .

For a brief summary on our blog of criteria for World Heritage sites and state of preservation guidelines, click here.

The Hopewell Culture nomination for UNESCO World Heritage consists of "nine archaeological sites of monumental earthworks constructed by the Ohio Hopewell culture during the Woodland Period (1-1000 CE). These sites are ceremonial centers characterized by large earthwork constructions that feature precise geometric shapes and standard units of measure.  The mounds contain extensive ritual deposits of finely crafted artifacts.  

This nomination proposal encompasses the variety in Hopewell earthworks and includes examples from each of the valleys of several principal northern tributaries of the Ohio River. 

• Fort Ancient State Memorial [external link]
•  Hopewell Culture National Historical Park [external link]
  • Hopewell Mound Group [external link]
  • Mound City Group [external link]
  • Hopeton Earthworks [external link]
  • High Bank Works [external link]
  • Seip Earthworks [external link]
• Newark Earthworks [external link]
  • Octagon State Memorial 
  • Great Circle Earthworks 
  • Wright Earthworks 

Together, these earthworks are the best preserved examples of the more than 40 monumental earthworks constructed by the Ohio Hopewell culture during the Woodland Period (1-1000 CE), which trace a cultural florescence distinct from other mound-building cultures in Eastern North America.  The earth walls of the enclosures are among the largest earthworks in the world that are not fortifications or defensive structures.  Their scale is imposing by any standard:  the Great Pyramid of Cheops would have fit inside the Wright Earthworks; four structures the size of the Colosseum of Rome would fit in the Octagon; and the circle of monoliths at Stonehenge would fit into one of the small auxiliary earthwork circles adjacent to the Octagon.   The presence of artifacts from far distant sources, especially of materials that were not widely traded 2,000 years ago, indicates that these sites were important ceremonial centers that interacted with communities in much of eastern North America."
 -National Park Service U. S. 2008 Tentative List (submitted to the World Heritage Centre) [external link] 

For more information about the Hopewell Culture UNESCO World Heritage nomination [external link], visit UNESCO's page [external link] or visit World Heritage Ohio's page [external link].

Check out our Classes page for OSU classes connected to American Indian nations, and the earthworks they built in Ohio! We update every semester with upcoming classes.

Please contact us if you have an idea for a class for us to develop (earthworks@osu.edu or 740-364-9574).

A land acknowledgment is a statement that runs counter to many historical narratives about the colonization and settling of North America, and it is intended to be provocative. 

In some settings and circumstances, it is an act of resistance.

 In others, it is a statement of support and, well, acknowledgment of the American Indian history of every single place in North America. 

It is crucial for each statement to reflect the unique circumstances of each location and personal reflection of the speaker.

Learn more about crafting your own land acknowledgement on our Land Acknowledgement page.